What does the somatic nervous system control?

The somatic nervous system is primarily responsible for controlling voluntary movements of the body, specifically through the regulation of skeletal muscles. It facilitates the communication between the brain and the skeletal muscles, allowing for conscious movement and coordination. For example, when you decide to move your arm or leg, the somatic nervous system transmits signals from the central nervous system to the specific muscles involved in that action. This system plays a crucial role in sensory input as well, as it enables the perception of sensations through receptors in the skin and muscles that connect back to the central nervous system for interpretation.

The other options represent functions governed by different parts of the nervous system. Glands and internal organs are mainly controlled by the autonomic nervous system, which manages involuntary bodily functions such as heart rate and digestion. Automatic responses are also tied to the autonomic system, while emotional responses can involve both autonomic systems and higher brain functions, including those handled by the limbic system. Understanding the distinction between these systems is vital in grasping how our body interacts with both voluntary and involuntary functions.