What does the lesion method in neuroscience involve?

The lesion method in neuroscience involves damaging or removing specific sections of the brain to study the effects on behavior and cognitive functions. By observing changes in behavior following a lesion, researchers can make inferences about the role of the affected brain region. For instance, if a particular area is believed to be involved in memory and lesions to that area result in memory deficits, it strengthens the hypothesis that this brain region is crucial for memory processing.

This approach has provided valuable insights into the functions of different brain regions, particularly in animal studies where researchers can create controlled lesions. Understanding the effects of such lesions contributes to our overall knowledge of neuroanatomy and neural functions. The other options represent different methodologies in neuroscience research that do not involve direct damage to brain tissue; thus, they do not encapsulate the essence of the lesion method.