What does the cognitive appraisal theory of emotion propose?

The cognitive appraisal theory of emotion posits that emotions are significantly influenced by our evaluations and interpretations of events. According to this theory, individuals assess situations and determine their significance based on personal beliefs, experiences, and perceptions. This evaluation process is crucial as it shapes the emotional response one experiences in reaction to a particular event or stimulus.

For instance, two individuals may experience the same event but react emotionally in very different ways due to their distinct interpretations of that event. One person may see a challenging task as an opportunity for growth and feel excitement, while another may view it as a threat and feel anxious. This highlights the role of cognitive processes in emotion regulation and the subjective nature of emotional experiences.

In contrast, views that suggest emotions are purely intrinsic biological responses overlook the importance of personal interpretation; theories centered on suppression fail to recognize the value of properly experiencing emotions; and emphasizing learned responses through social interactions does not fully account for individual cognitive evaluations that play a significant role in shaping emotional reactions.