What does the central nervous system comprise?

The central nervous system (CNS) consists exclusively of the brain and spinal cord. This system is fundamental in processing and transmitting information throughout the body. The brain is responsible for interpreting sensory information, directing movement, and coordinating cognitive functions, while the spinal cord serves as the main conduit for information traveling to and from the brain, as well as facilitating reflex actions.

The other options include elements that are part of the broader nervous system but do not accurately define the central nervous system. Peripheral nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system, which connects the CNS to the limbs and organs. Sensory neurons are specialized components that transmit sensory information to the CNS, but they are not part of the CNS itself. Finally, while body tissues are essential for physiological function, they do not constitute the CNS, which is specifically focused on the brain and spinal cord.