What does fMRI measure?

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a specialized imaging technique used primarily in neuroscience research to measure and map brain activity. It detects changes in blood flow in the brain, which is closely linked to neuronal activity. When a specific area of the brain is active, it consumes more oxygen, which is delivered through increased blood flow to that area. This relationship allows fMRI to provide insights into the relative activity of various brain regions when an individual is performing different tasks or experiencing different stimuli.

By focusing on the changes in blood flow resulting from neural activity, fMRI enables researchers to visualize which parts of the brain are involved in particular cognitive processes, such as thinking, memory, or emotion regulation. This capability is critical for understanding brain function and identifying areas responsible for various psychological and neurological processes.